Just my take on the title. No, hindi sila nakaka sira ng camera but nakaka sira ng shots because of barrel distortion, vignetting, chromatic aberrations, back focusing, slow focusing, etc.
Get the proprietary lenses to be sure. I use a Canon 50D and I never use 3rd party lenses, always Canon.
Dont waste your money on third party lenses. Yup, they are cheap but they also produce cheap shots. And if you so decide to upgrade your lenses, resale value is very low.
Proprietary lenses whether its a Nikon or a Canon are like Gibson Les Pauls or Fender Strats. They seldom loose their value over time. Try comparing prices of a second hand Canon 50mm 1.4 with a second hand Sigma or Tamron 50mm 1.4 and you'll know what I mean.
If you want quality shots, go proprietary brand lenses