I think you should try them for yourself para malaman mo first hand kung ano ang nagagawa ng bawat isa. Pero I'll help you a bit.
Overdrive - the name itself explains the purpose, it gives you extra drive, to give you a dirty sound like amps pushed hard, very hard, and gives you this warm cruchy distortion.
Tremolo - Raises and lowers the pitch of a note when picked, may it be a half step up and down, or a whole step.
Noise Suppressor - Removes any unwanted noise(feedback, hum, etc.) produced by the pedal chain, high gain, or from single coil pickups.
Compressor - Well, it compresses the sound, or signal of the guitar and makes it sound tighter and sustains the notes longer.
Wah pedal - A pedal that makes a wah wah sound, um, it kinda scoops the sound from a hollow bassey sound to a trebley screaming sound. This is done with full control of the player's foot.
Volume pedal - Increases the volume and vice versa, with total control from the player's foot as well.
Guys, these are based on my own interpretations of the capabilities of these pedals. Please add or correct the information if need be. Thanks! I'm no pro. hehe.
@thread starter - try those pedals so you can know for yourself the use of these pedals, try them out at stores or if you have friends who play, and has pedals, try them out. It would definitely help you out when time comes that you would want to build a pedal set-up for yourself. ROck On!